Japanese Studies Program @ York University

JP1000 Lecture 3

Numerals:

Chinese Series:

 1: ichi          2: ni(i)       3: san         4: shi(i)/yon 5: go(o)              
 6: roku          7: shichi/nana 8: hachi       9: kyuu/ku    10: juu  
11: juu-ichi     12: juu-ni     13: juu-san    14: juu-shi/yon
20: ni-juu       30: san-juu    45: yon-juu-go 66: roku-juu-roku                            
72: nana-juu-ni  89: hachi-juu-ku   94: kyuu-juu-yon/shi

100: hyaku        200: ni-hyaku     300: san-byaku    400: yon-hyaku                        
500: go-hyaku     600: rop-pyaku    700: nana-hyaku   800: hap-pyaku  
900: kyuu-hyaku

125: hyaku-ni-juu-go                247: ni-hyaku-yon-juu-nana                    
654: rop-pyaku-go-juu-yon           999: kyuu-hyaku-kyuu-juu-kyuu

1000: sen         2000: ni-sen      3000: san-zen     4000: yon-sen               
5000: go-sen      6000: roku-sen    7000: nana-sen    8000: has-sen                        
9000: kyuu-sen

2748: ni-sen-nana-hyaku-yon-juu-hachi                          
8694: has-sen-rop-pyaku-kyuu-juu-yon

1,0000            : ichi-man        10,0000           : juu-man         
100,0000          : hyaku-man       1000,0000         : is-sen-man                
1,0000,0000       : ichi-oku        10,0000,0000      : juu-oku         
100,0000,0000     : hyaku-oku       1000,0000,0000    : sen-oku
1,0000,0000,0000  : it-choo

3,8391  : san-man-has-sen-san-byaku-kyuu-juu-ichi
829,6476: hap-pyaku-ni-juu-kyuu-man-roku-sen-yon-hyaku-nana-juu-roku

Counters: money

-en      'yen'   :         „2500   „1,3849
-doru    'dollar':         $75     $250	     $1200
-sento   'cent'  :         ¢35     ¢48	     $37.61

Demonstratives:

Three way system: 
   ko- series 'this' 		  - near speaker
   so- series 'that' 		  - near hearer
   a - series 'that over there'   - distant from both
   
   do- series 'wh-'

Separate items: -re
   kore   sore   are   dore

Modification: -no Noun  
   kono daigaku    sono jisho    ano sensee    dono shinbun

Adverbs: degree

Adv + Aff: złibun, totemo, kąnari ...		kanari omoshiroi desu
	
Adv + Neg: a(n)mari, chittņmo, zenzen ...	amari oishiku arimasen

Copula [Noun + copula]:

Present  	Past     	Pres. Neg.		Past Neg                                    

N desu		N deshita	N de wa arimasen        N de wa arimasen deshita
                                   (ja)                    (ja)
ginkoo desu	kodomo deshita	sensee ja arimasen	gakusee ja arimasen deshita

[cf. Adjectives & verbs]

A desu          Ast-katta desu  Ast-ku arimasen         Ast-ku arimasen deshita  
 
Vn-masu         Vn-mashita      Vn-masen                Vn-masen deshita



Hints & Suggestions
Let's learn how to count with your fingers in Japanese.
Compare how you do it in your own culture.

Link: Japanese currency
Link: Japanese Body Language (courtesy of AJ)

© Norio Ota 2023